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Pemanfaatan Limbah Plastik Sebagai Bahan Subsitusi Agregat Dalam Pembuatan Paving Block
Summary
Researchers found that mixing recycled plastic waste (about 15% by weight) into paving blocks—the tiles used for sidewalks and driveways—actually made them stronger than blocks made without plastic, while higher amounts weakened them. This matters because it offers a practical way to reuse plastic waste in construction instead of letting it pile up in landfills or break down into microplastics that pollute soil, water, and eventually enter our food and bodies.
This study aims to utilize HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) plastic waste as a substitute for fine aggregate in the manufacture of paving blocks. The utilization of plastic waste is expected to be a solution to environmental problems caused by the accumulation of plastic waste while producing environmentally friendly and economical construction materials. The research method was carried out at the Civil Engineering Laboratory of Asahan University with variations in the mixture of plastic waste of 0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% of the weight of the sand. Each variation was made as many as 5 samples and tested after 28 days of curing. The test included compressive strength and porosity based on SNI 03-0691-1996 concerning concrete paving blocks. The results showed that the addition of plastic waste affected the compressive strength of paving blocks. The average compressive strength value of normal paving blocks (0%) was 19,175 MPa, increasing in the 15% mixture to 22,446 MPa, but decreasing in the 30% mixture to 17,530 MPa and 45% to 14,223 MPa. Paving blocks with a 15% plastic mixture produced the best results and were categorized as A-grade according to Indonesian National Standards (SNI). Therefore, HDPE plastic waste can be used as an alternative additive in paving block production, but its use should be limited to 15%, at which point the compressive strength of the paving blocks increases and still meets national paving block quality standards. This research also shows that utilizing plastic waste can be an alternative solution to reduce environmental pollution while supporting sustainable development.