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A multi-omics signature of microplastic exposure and its clinical, metabolic, and microbial correlates in colorectal cancer

Environmental Pollution 2026
Dong Peng, Xiaoyu Liu, Lang Wang, Yang Pan, Bing Kang, Xurui Liu, Rongbin Xu, Yong Cheng

Summary

Scientists found tiny plastic particles (from common plastics like PVC and polyethylene) built up more in colon tumors and the tissue around them than in blood samples from cancer patients. These plastic particles were linked to changes in blood chemistry and gut bacteria, suggesting microplastics might interact with the body's metabolism in ways connected to colorectal cancer. This is early evidence, not proof of cause and effect, but it highlights why reducing plastic exposure and further research into this link matter for gut health.

Polymers
Models

Microplastics (MPs) are emerging environmental contaminants with potential human health implications, yet their distribution and biological effects in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. Here, we investigate the presence of MPs in blood, tumor, and peri-tumor tissues from CRC patients using a multi-omics approach. We find that MPs, particularly polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE), are more abundant in tumor and peri-tumor tissues than in blood. Tissue-specific MPs were associated with clinical traits, serum metabolites, and gut microbes. Functional analysis suggested MP-related alterations in microbial pathways involving carbohydrate metabolism, fatty acid degradation, and bile acid biosynthesis. Our findings provide the first integrative evidence suggesting potential links between MPs exposure to metabolic and microbial dysregulation in CRC patients.

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