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Airborne Microplastics and Nanoplastics: Inhalation Exposure and the Case for Field-Deployable Monitoring

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) 2026
Melinda B. Chu

Summary

Tiny plastic particles floating in the air we breathe may be more of a health concern than we realized — scientists have even found microplastics in human brain tissue near the nose, suggesting these particles might travel from our lungs toward our brains. This paper reviews existing research and argues that we urgently need better, more portable tools to measure airborne plastic pollution in real-world settings, since current testing methods are too limited to fully understand this risk. The takeaway: we're likely inhaling plastic particles regularly, but the tools to track exactly how much — and where it ends up in our bodies — still need to catch up.

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have been detected in environmental, biological, and human tissue samples, indicating multiple exposure pathways. While monitoring has historically focused on water and food, airborne exposure via inhalation remains comparatively understudied, particularly for decentralized applications. Recent identification of microplastics in human olfactory bulb tissue has highlighted the potential significance of the respiratory-to-neurological exposure route. This technical note summarizes current monitoring challenges, limitations of conventional methods, and the rationale for practical, field-deployable airborne monitoring systems.

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