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UV-Induced Aging in Thermochromic Pigment-Integrated Food-Grade Polymers: A Performance Assessment

Applied Sciences 2025 Score: 48 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Colette Breheny, Declan Mary Colbert, Gilberto Silva Nunes Bezerra, Joseph Geever, Luke M. Geever

Summary

Food-grade polypropylene blends containing thermochromic pigments were exposed to simulated indoor and outdoor UV light for 500 and 1000 hours, revealing that UV degradation compromises both the visual temperature indicators and the mechanical properties of the polymer matrix.

Polymers

Food contact polymers require thermochromic pigments to provide temperature-sensitive visual cues for consumer safety and product integrity. However, their susceptibility to ultraviolet (UV) degradation limits long-term application. This study investigates the UV resistance of food-grade thermochromic polypropylene blends under simulated indoor and outdoor UV exposure for 500 and 1000 h. Visual properties, colorimetric (CIE L*a*b*) measurements, mechanical testing (tensile and impact), and mass variation analysis were performed to assess photostability and material integrity. Exposure to UV led to progressive discoloration (ΔE*ab up to 34.07) and significant mechanical deterioration. Tensile strain at break decreased by 48.67%, and notched impact strength dropped by 44.15% after 1000 h of UV exposure. No measurable mass loss occurred, indicating degradation was confined to surface-level oxidation rather than bulk material erosion or leaching. These findings highlight the need for optimal pigment loading and UV stabilization to extend the shelf life of thermochromic food packaging materials in light-exposed storage and retail environments. The study offers a framework for improving the long-term reliability of smart packaging in the food industry. This work uniquely integrates optical, mechanical, and mass loss analyses to evaluate thermochromic packaging degradation under extended UVA exposure.

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