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Penggunaan Bahan Baku tidak Berkelanjutan dalam Rantai Pasok Global Nestle dan Dampaknya terhadap Kerusakan Lingkungan
Summary
This study reviewed public reports and outside investigations to show that Nestlé's promises to source ingredients like palm oil, cocoa, and soy sustainably don't match reality—these supply chains are still linked to deforestation, water shortages, plastic pollution, and over 87 million tons of climate-warming emissions yearly. This matters because the company's use of single-use plastic packaging contributes to plastic pollution that can break down into microplastics, which have been found in human blood, organs, and food—meaning the environmental damage from these supply chains can eventually circle back to affect the food and water we consume.
This study examines the gap between Nestlé’s sustainability commitments and the reality of ecological damage caused by the use of unsustainable raw materials in its global supply chain. Using a descriptive qualitative approach based on literature reviews and case study analysis, this study evaluates various data sources, ranging from scientific journals and corporate reports to documentation from independent organizations such as Greenpeace and the Rainforest Action Network. Findings indicate that Nestlé’s procurement of key commodities such as palm oil, cocoa, soy, dairy products, and singleuse plastics significantly contributes to deforestation, systemic plastic pollution, water extraction in vulnerable regions, and greenhouse gas emissions exceeding 87.5 million tons of CO₂e per year. In Indonesia, these highrisk areas are evident in palm oil sourcing in Sumatra and Kalimantan and cocoa sourcing in Sulawesi. Theoretically, this study argues that Nestlé’s sustainability governance exhibits a pattern of strategic decoupling, where public reporting on progress in primary supply chains is deliberately used to mask ongoing environmental damage within their hidden supply networks. Thus, this article makes a critical contribution by integrating supply chain management theory, environmental accountability, and the governance of multinational corporations.