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Nephroprotective role of edaravone against polystyrene nanoplastic-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in Wistar rats
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Researchers exposed Wistar rats to polystyrene nanoplastics and found significant kidney damage mediated through endoplasmic reticulum stress, marked by elevated oxidative stress markers, histopathological abnormalities, and upregulation of ER stress proteins GRP78, CHOP, and caspase-12 — damage that was substantially reduced by co-administration of the antioxidant edaravone.
BACKGROUND: Plastics in particular nanoplastics pose the major environmental threat worldwide. Nanoplastics refers to smaller plastic components with size less than 100 nm. Previous studies indicated that plastics could accumulate in blood and various other tissues, leading to hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress disrupts the functionality of ER due to various factors, leading to the accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins inside the ER. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effect of edaravone against nephrotoxicity induced by Polystyrene Nanoplastics (PSNPs) through ER-Stress pathway. In this study, we examined the role of ER Stress in PSNPs induced renal damage for the first time. METHODS: ). After five weeks, animals were euthanized and samples were collected. RESULTS: Compared to vehicle-control rats, PSNPs exposed rats demonstrated a significant elevation in creatinine, MDA and nitrite alongside a decrease in body weight, kidney weight and GSH concentration. PSNPs administered group showed significant abnormalities in kidney histopathology and increased protein expression levels of GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12, whereas edaravone treatment decreased renal oxidative stress, histopathological abnormalities and protein expression of GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12. CONCLUSION: Edaravone may serve as a therapeutic intervention for PSNPs induced nephrotoxicity.
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Researchers demonstrated that 28-day oral exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics in rats caused liver and kidney toxicity—marked by elevated oxidative stress, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and histopathological damage—and that co-administration of the antioxidant ellagic acid significantly attenuated these harmful effects.
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This study found that polystyrene microplastics caused kidney damage in young rats through a combination of oxidative stress, inflammation, and a cellular stress response called endoplasmic reticulum stress. The microplastics also reduced body weight growth and affected multiple organs including the heart and ovaries. These findings suggest that microplastic exposure during development could be particularly harmful to kidney health in young, growing organisms.
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Researchers orally exposed Wistar rats to polystyrene nanoplastics at multiple doses for five weeks and observed dose-dependent increases in oxidative stress. The study found significant alterations in liver and kidney function markers, disrupted energy metabolism, and changes in antioxidant enzyme activity, suggesting that nanoplastic exposure may affect multiple organ systems in mammals.
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