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Length-dependent impacts of fibrous microplastics on Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) determined using multi-omics approach
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White shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) exposed to short versus long PET microfibers showed length-dependent toxicological responses assessed by transcriptomics and metabolomics, with shorter fibers causing greater oxidative stress, immune disruption, and metabolic disturbance than longer ones.
This study investigated the molecular effects of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microfibers (MFs) on Penaeus vannamei, focusing on the length-dependent toxicological mechanisms. We exposed the shrimp to short (PETS, 240.55 μm) and long (PET-L, 2357.96 μm) PET MFs and analyzed the changes in transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles. PET-S posed greater risks than PET-L, leading to oxidative stress, disruption in nucleotide metabolism, and alterations in gene expression related to metabolic processes, including RNA methylation and purine metabolism. Conversely, PET-L caused abnormalities in intracellular signaling pathways and metabolic functions, including the downregulation of fatty acid oxidation and membrane transfer. Both PET-S and PET-L exposure impaired cellular functions, such as energy production and signal transduction. This multi-omics study highlights the toxicological mechanisms associated with PET MF exposure in a socioeconomically important marine organism.
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