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Harnessing microalgae for sustainable aquaculture and mariculture: Marine pollution mitigation and circular economy strategies
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Researchers reviewed how microalgae can serve as a multipurpose bioremediation tool in aquaculture and mariculture, removing excess nutrients, capturing carbon, and reducing microplastic pollution, while also providing biomass for feed and supporting circular economy approaches that align with UN sustainability goals.
The global growth of aquaculture and mariculture has led to severe environmental challenges, including nutrient overloading, chemical contamination, habitat degradation, and microplastic pollution. This review critically examines the sources and impacts of aquaculture-derived pollution while proposing microalgae-based bioremediation as an innovative and sustainable solution. Microalgae support nutrient cycling, carbon capture, and pollutant removal, making them a versatile tool for reducing aquaculture's ecological footprint. The review further evaluates the integration of microalgae into aquaculture systems for wastewater treatment, feed enhancement, and integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA), offering a circular economy model that promotes sustainability. It also reviews relevant policies, including FAO guidelines, regional environmental frameworks, and eco-certification schemes, to underscore governance practices enabling responsible aquaculture. Technological innovations such as recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), biofiltration, and AI-assisted environmental monitoring are discussed for their role in improving system efficiency and minimizing waste. Key challenges such as economic viability, scalability, and regulatory compliance are effectively addressed to identify pathways for large-scale implementation. By integrating scientific advancements, policy insights, industry practices, and real-world applications, this review offers a roadmap for transitioning to a low-impact, climate-resilient aquaculture industry, while aligning with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 6 (Clean Water), SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption), and SDG 14 (Life Below Water). Future perspectives highlight the need for interdisciplinary research and stronger policy support to scale up microalgae innovations for sustainable and environmentally responsible aquaculture development.
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This review explores the potential of microalgae cultivation in wastewater for bioremediation and circular bioeconomy, highlighting how microalgae can simultaneously treat wastewater while producing valuable biomass for various applications.
Bioremediation Using Microalgae and Circular Economy Approach: A Case Study
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Researchers investigated the use of microalgae for bioremediation of water pollutants including nano- and microplastics, pharmaceuticals, and heavy metals, presenting a circular economy case study demonstrating how microalgal biomass can simultaneously treat contaminated water and generate value-added products.
Remediation and upcycling of microplastics by algae with wastewater nutrient removal and bioproduction potential
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Researchers demonstrated that algae can simultaneously remediate microplastics from water and remove nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, while also producing valuable biomass, presenting an integrated and sustainable platform that converts plastic waste into a resource.
Harnessing microalgae for microplastic removal and biofuel production
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This book chapter reviews how microalgae can simultaneously address microplastic removal from aquatic environments and serve as feedstock for biofuel production, presenting the dual-benefit approach as a promising strategy for sustainable environmental remediation.
Microalgae for microplastic removal from water and wastewater: a review
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Researchers reviewed the potential for microalgae to remove microplastics from water and wastewater, finding that algae can physically aggregate with plastic particles through several mechanisms — offering a potentially low-cost, biological alternative to conventional filtration methods that struggle to capture very small plastic particles.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.