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Lo bueno, lo malo y lo muy malo de los plásticos: efecto del plastificante di(2-etilhexil) ftalato (DEHP) en cultivos de células musculares humanas
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Researchers exposed cultured human skeletal muscle cells to the plasticizer DEHP for 13 days, finding it induced morphological changes, reduced cell growth rate, and triggered oxidative stress marked by elevated superoxide radical production and increased antioxidant enzyme activity. These results demonstrate that chronic DEHP exposure impairs cellular resilience in human muscle tissue through complex oxidative stress mechanisms.
Los plásticos han sido ampliamente utilizados en diversos productos, mejorando nuestras vidas con su durabilidad y versatilidad. Sin embargo, el uso de plásticos desechables conlleva desventajas ambientales, ya que muchos de estos productos tardan cientos de años en degradarse, contaminan nuestro entorno y contienen aditivos tóxicos como el di-(2-etilhexil) ftalato (DEHP). La exposición crónica al DEHP (aire, comida y agua) puede afectar el sistema circulatorio, inmune, endocrino, nervioso y reproductivo en humanos y animales. También induce estrés oxidativo en estos sistemas, causando daño en diferentes órganos y tejidos. En este espacio presentamos resultados de un estudio que realizamos en células cultivadas de músculo esquelético de humanos que suma al conocimiento acerca de los efectos del DEHP. Los resultados indican que el DEHP (1 mM; 13 días de exposición) induce cambios morfológicos y reduce la tasa de crecimiento celular, afectando así la resiliencia de las células. La exposición a DEHP aumentó la producción de radical superóxido (O2•-), la oxidación de proteínas celulares y la actividad de la enzima superóxido dismutasa, encargada de remover y aminorar los efectos del O2•-. La presencia de este contaminante también aumentó la actividad de la enzima glutatión S-transferasa, la cual participa en procesos de detoxificación. Todos estos resultados sugieren que el estrés oxidativo es un proceso complejo que puede tener efectos negativos en la tasa de crecimiento celular y la capacidad antioxidante en células del músculo esquelético. Además, nuestros resultados indican que las células de músculo esquelético de humanos expuestas a DEHP (1 mM; 13 días de exposición) no pierden por completo su capacidad proliferativa.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.