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Degradation Behaviors of Polylactic Acid, Polyglycolic Acid, and Their Copolymer Films in Simulated Marine Environments
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Researchers investigated how biodegradable plastics PLA, PGA, and their copolymers PLGA degrade in simulated seawater, finding that hydrolysis of ester bonds drives breakdown and that higher glycolic acid content accelerates degradation. The amorphous regions degraded first, triggering crystallization and reduced thermal stability, offering insights for designing marine-degradable materials.
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) are extensively studied biodegradable polymers. However, the degradation behavior of their copolymer, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), in marine environments has not yet been confirmed. In this study, the changes in macroscopic and microscopic morphology, thermal properties, aggregation, and chemical structure of PLA, PGA, PLGA-85, and PLGA-75 (with 85% and 75% LA content) in simulated marine environments were investigated. Results revealed that degradation occurred through hydrolysis of ester bonds, and the degradation rate of PGA was faster than that of PLA. The amorphous region degraded preferentially over the crystalline region, leading to cleavage-induced crystallization and decreased thermal stability of PLA, PLGA-85, and PLGA-75. The crystal structures of PLGAs were similar to those of PLA, and the higher GA content, the faster was the degradation rate. This study provides a deeper understanding of the seawater degradation behaviors of PLA, PGA, and their copolymers, and provides guidance for the preparation of materials with controllable degradation performance.
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