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Impacto de los usos del suelo y otros parámetros sobre la presencia de microplásticos en el suelo y en el agua subterránea: una revisión crítica
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Researchers conducted a critical review of 41 publications examining how land use and other parameters influence microplastic presence in soils and groundwater, finding clear links between contamination sources tied to land use types and microplastic quantity, composition, color, and morphology, while identifying the need for standardized sampling and analytical methodologies.
Los microplásticos (MP) constituyen una de las formas de contaminación más omnipresentes en nuestro planeta. Pese a ello, en comparación con los ecosistemas marinos, lagos o ríos, destaca la escasez de estudios que han tratado sobre su presencia en el suelo y en las aguas subterráneas. Con el objetivo de evaluar el impacto de los usos del suelo y otros parámetros sobre la presencia de MP en ambos medios, se han extraído, de la revisión de 41 publicaciones, 56 casos de estudio asociados a suelos y 7 casos a aguas subterráneas. En conjunto, se pone de manifiesto la necesidad de establecer una metodología estandarizada, tanto analítica como de muestreo, con el fin de poder realizar comparaciones rigurosas. Por otra parte, queda patente en la mayor parte de las publicaciones revisadas una relación entre las fuentes de contaminación (puntuales y/o difusas) asociadas a los usos del suelo y la presencia de MP, en base a su cantidad, composición química predominante, color o forma característica según el uso del suelo. Por ello, es fundamental seguir investigando sobre la presencia de MP en suelos asociados a la totalidad de usos, así como diversificar geográficamente su estudio y enfatizarlo en las aguas subterráneas.
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This review provides a comprehensive overview of current soil contamination by microplastics, covering sources, distribution patterns, and ecological consequences. The authors synthesize evidence on how microplastics accumulate in agricultural and natural soils and interact with soil organisms and chemistry. The paper calls attention to significant knowledge gaps and the need for standardized monitoring frameworks.
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A Spanish-language review synthesized findings from 41 studies on microplastic contamination in soil and groundwater, identifying a clear link between land use type and microplastic presence while highlighting the near-total absence of standardized sampling and analytical methods across studies. Groundwater microplastic research remains especially sparse despite the direct drinking-water implications. The authors call for regulatory threshold limits for microplastics in soil and groundwater to enable risk-based management of contaminated sites.
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A comprehensive review of microplastic contamination in soils from built environments found that synthetic textiles, household waste, and urban runoff are major contributors, while existing regulatory frameworks remain inadequate for addressing soil-specific microplastic pollution. Because soil is a major sink for microplastics that eventually migrate into groundwater and food crops, the lack of soil-specific regulations represents a critical gap in protecting human health from dietary exposure.
[Transformation Behavior and Environmental Effects of Microplastics in Soil-groundwater].
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This review synthesizes current knowledge on the transformation behavior and environmental effects of microplastics in soil-groundwater systems, covering their sources, transport pathways, physicochemical transformations, and ecological impacts in this understudied environmental compartment that has emerged as a significant sink for microplastic pollution.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.