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Contaminación del suelo por microplásticos: panorama actual
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This review provides a comprehensive overview of current soil contamination by microplastics, covering sources, distribution patterns, and ecological consequences. The authors synthesize evidence on how microplastics accumulate in agricultural and natural soils and interact with soil organisms and chemistry. The paper calls attention to significant knowledge gaps and the need for standardized monitoring frameworks.
Actualmente los microplásticos (MP) son considerados un contaminante emergente, cuyos efectos en los ecosistemas del planeta han sido poco estudiados, el objetivo de esta investigación es determinar el estado de arte respecto a los MP en la matriz del suelo. Se realizó un análisis de diversas fuentes, como publicaciones revisadas por pares, incluidas revistas científicas y libros, en bases de datos que son referenciales académicos incluyendo ScienceDirect, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Web of Science, entre otras. No se definió en la investigación un rango específico de tiempo con relación de artículos debido a la baja disponibilidad de trabajos. Se analizaron 96 artículos con diferentes temáticas de las cuales destacan las publicaciones con enfoque experimental y de investigación. De acuerdo al análisis realizado se concluye que los MP son un tipo de contaminación emergente y debido a que el interés por conocer sus efectos es reciente, aún existen pocos datos, como consecuencia se desconocen las concentraciones en suelos, así como las afectaciones al ambiente y a la salud humana, este tópico aún pasa por su etapa de investigación teórica.
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