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Reduced DNA methylation by Mn3O4 nanozyme protein corona formation improves cotton yield in saline land
Summary
Despite its title referencing nanoparticles and nanozymes, this paper studies how manganese oxide nanoparticles applied to cotton plant leaves improve crop growth and yield in salt-stressed soils — not microplastic pollution. It examines DNA methylation mechanisms and enzyme interactions in agricultural settings and is not relevant to microplastics or human health from plastic exposure.
Abstract Land salinization threatens agricultural sustainability worldwide. Foliar delivery of nanotherapeutics is emerging as a tool for improving crop stress tolerance in diverse soils. Herein, we report that poly(acrylic) acid coated Mn3O4 nanoparticles (PMO) applied to leaves enhance cotton growth (up to 31.6%) and yield (up to 47.3%) in three saline lands with different soil types. We elucidated the molecular mechanisms by which PMO improve cotton salinity stress tolerance by reducing DNA methylation (up to 24.6%). The S-adenosylmethionine synthase 2 (SAMS2) enzyme involved in DNA methylation is a major component of the PMO protein corona in vivo. The interaction between PMO and SAMS2 results in the change of protein alpha helix (12.3% decrease) and beta-sheets (13.7% increase), with a consequent reduction in enzymatic Vmax (10.7%). Overall, PMO can be a biocompatible tool to improve crop salt tolerance by a targeted interaction with DNA methylation enzymes for a more sustainable agriculture.
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