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Repurposing Polymeric Waste from the Textile Industry for Sustainable Biodegradable Composites: Challenges and Opportunities
Summary
This review examines how synthetic fiber waste from the textile industry — primarily polyester and nylon — can be repurposed into biodegradable composites for construction, automotive, and packaging applications, outlining mechanical, chemical, and biological recycling methods alongside key challenges in material quality, processing costs, and circular economy integration.
The textile industry generates significant amounts of polymeric waste, primarily from synthetic fibers like polyester and nylon, which are non-biodegradable and contribute to environmental pollution. This review explores the potential of repurposing textile polymeric waste into sustainable biodegradable composites, offering a promising solution to reduce waste and address environmental concerns. Biodegradable composites, made by recycling textile waste, can replace conventional non-biodegradable materials in industries such as construction, automotive, and packaging. This paper discusses the various methods for repurposing polymeric waste, including mechanical, chemical, and biological recycling techniques. It also examines the challenges involved in converting textile waste into high-quality biodegradable composites, such as issues with material properties, processing difficulties, and cost-effectiveness. The review highlights the opportunities for integrating this waste into a circular economy, with a focus on environmental benefits, economic potential, and future research directions.