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Microplastics toxicology and bioremediation strategies for a sustainable future: a comprehensive review
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This comprehensive review covers the sources, toxicity, and bioremediation strategies for microplastic pollution. Researchers summarized how microplastics enter organisms through contaminated food and water and can cause harmful effects at the cellular level. The study highlights promising biological approaches for breaking down microplastics, including enzyme-based methods and microbial degradation, as potential paths toward a more sustainable solution.
Initially, biobased polymers were replaced by synthetic plastics due to their superior properties. However, growing concerns about the toxicity of plastics have emerged following extensive global production and reliance on single-use plastics, which contribute to significant waste and microplastics (MPs). MPs, ranging from 1 μm to 5 mm, can infiltrate organisms, leading to adverse health effects through contaminated food and beverages. In response, researchers focus on degrading MPs using methods like enzymatic hydrolysis and Fenton chemistry. This review examines the classification, sources, mechanisms, and toxicity of MPs, while discussing bio-inspired degradation techniques and exploring sustainable alternatives like bioplastics.
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Toxicological Impacts and Microbial-Mediated Degradation Processes of Microplastics
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This review explores both the harmful effects of microplastics on living organisms and the potential of microorganisms to break them down. Researchers summarize how microplastics accumulate through food chains from aquatic environments to humans, posing risks to food safety. The study highlights microbial degradation as a promising sustainable alternative to conventional chemical and physical methods for addressing plastic pollution.
Systematic Assessment of Mechanisms, Developments, Innovative Solutions, and Future Perspectives of Microplastics and Ecotoxicity – A Review
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This comprehensive review summarizes current knowledge about how microplastics form, spread through the environment, and affect living organisms at every level of the food chain. It covers the toxic effects of microplastics on cells, organs, and whole organisms, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormone disruption. The review also evaluates emerging methods for breaking down microplastics, concluding that a combination of prevention, cleanup, and policy changes is needed to address this growing health threat.
Microplastic contaminants in the aqueous environment, fate, toxicity consequences, and remediation strategies
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This review covers the sources, fate, and toxic effects of microplastic contaminants in aquatic environments, along with current remediation strategies for removing them. Researchers found that microplastics cause various health problems in aquatic organisms and can enter the human food chain through contaminated seafood and water. The study emphasizes the urgent need for improved waste management and novel cleanup technologies to address microplastic pollution in water systems.
Microplastics in Aquatic Environments: Sources, Ecotoxicity, Detection & Remediation
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This review provides a comprehensive overview of microplastic sources, ecotoxicity, detection methods, and remediation strategies in aquatic environments. Researchers found that microplastics act as carriers for toxic chemicals and pose threats to both marine and freshwater ecosystems as well as human health through drinking water exposure. The study highlights the need for improved detection technologies and effective remediation approaches to address this growing environmental challenge.
Occurrence, impact, toxicity, and degradation methods of microplastics in environment—a review
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This review summarizes current knowledge about microplastic pollution, covering where these particles come from, how they affect ecosystems, their toxic effects on organisms, and methods for breaking them down. Researchers found that microplastics are pervasive across aquatic and terrestrial environments and can harm organisms through ingestion, choking, and chemical exposure. The study examines physical, chemical, and biological degradation methods as potential tools for addressing microplastic contamination.
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