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Urinary Bisphenol Mixtures at Population-Exposure Levels Are Associated with Diabetes Prevalence: Evidence from Advanced Mixture Modeling
Summary
This study investigated the association between urinary bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol F (BPF) levels and diabetes in a general adult population using advanced mixture modeling methods including weighted quantile sum and quantile G-computation. Results showed a significant positive association between combined bisphenol exposure and elevated HbA1c and diabetes prevalence, with BPS emerging as a particularly concerning BPA substitute.
Humanity lives in a new era marked by the ubiquitous presence of plastics worldwide. Recent figures highlight continuous growth in plastic production and usage, a trend paralleled by the rise in chronic diseases like diabetes. The multifactorial nature of these diseases suggests that environmental exposure, notably to bisphenol A (BPA), could be a contributing factor. This study investigates the potential correlation between emerging BPA substitutes, bisphenol S and F (BPS and BPF), and diabetes in a cohort of the general adult population. Findings reveal a positive association between combined bisphenols (BPs) and glycated haemoglobin (Hb1Ac), with binomial logistic regression demonstrating an odds ratio (OR) of 1.103 (1.002-1.214) between BP levels corrected for creatinine (crucial due to glomerular filtration variations) and diabetes. Advanced statistical methods, including Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) and quantile G-computation analysis, show a combined positive effect on diabetes, glucose levels, and Hb1Ac. Individual effect analysis identifies BPS as a significant monomer warranting attention in future diabetes-related research. Ultimately, replacing BPA with new molecules like BPS or BPF may pose a greater risk in the context of diabetes.