Government Collaboration Model in Plastic Waste Management as an Effort to Protect Indonesia’s Marine Environment

Plastic waste in the ocean is a global problem that has a serious impact on the sustainability of marine ecosystems. Indonesia, as an archipelagic country with a dominant sea area, faces major challenges in managing marine plastic waste, which is mostly sourced from land and shipping activities. This study aims to analyze the government’s collaboration model in the management of marine plastic waste as part of Indonesia’s marine environmental protection efforts, with an emphasis on the construction of national laws and forms of international cooperation. This research uses a descriptive and explanatory approach through the study of documents on regulations such as Law No. 32 of 2014 concerning Marine Affairs, Law No. 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping, Presidential Regulation No. 83 of 2018, and international cooperation documents. The results of the study show that the government’s collaboration model is legal-formal, regulatory-based, and institutionally structured. This collaboration includes multi-level coordination between central and local governments and sectoral ministries, as well as the involvement of non-governmental actors and international organizations such as NPAP, MARPOL Annex V, and UNEA. This model differs from the conceptual collaborative approach because it prioritizes policy synergy through a binding and implementable legal framework. The study concludes that the Indonesian government’s collaborative model has strong potential to achieve the target of reducing 70% of marine plastic waste by 2025 and can be replicated by other archipelagic countries facing similar challenges.