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Efectos adversos de los alineadores dentales: revisión narrativa
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Researchers conducted a narrative review of adverse effects associated with clear dental aligners, identifying concerns including allergic reactions, release of microplastics with potential inflammatory effects, disruption of oral microbiota, white spot lesions, postural changes, sleep disturbances, and other functional discomforts, underscoring the need for informed clinical supervision.
En las últimas décadas, la terapia con alineadores transparentes se ha consolidado como una alternativa estética y funcional frente a los aparatos ortodóncicos fijos. No obstante, el aumento sostenido en su uso ha generado preocupación respecto de los efectos adversos asociados, los cuales no siempre son conocidos ni abordados con suficiente profundidad por los profesionales de la salud dental. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar y sintetizar los efectos adversos reportados en la literatura relacionados con el uso de alineadores transparentes, proporcionando una visión integral sobre sus posibles complicaciones. Para ello, se realizó una revisión narrativa mediante búsquedas en las bases de datos PubMed, Tripdatabase, BVS y Epistemonikos, considerando artículos en inglés publicados desde enero de 2015. Se incluyeron revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos y estudios observacionales que describieran complicaciones clínicas. Tras aplicar criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 29 estudios relevantes. Los resultados evidenciaron eventos adversos como reacciones alérgicas (incluyendo anafilaxia), liberación de microplásticos con potencial inflamatorio, alteraciones en la microbiota oral, lesiones de manchas blancas, triángulos negros, cambios posturales, trastornos del sueño y molestias funcionales como dolor inicial o alteraciones del habla. Estos hallazgos enfatizan la necesidad de una indicación clínica adecuada y de una supervisión profesional informada, fomentando un uso responsable de esta modalidad terapéutica.
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Can Clear Aligners Release Microplastics That Impact the Patient’s Overall Health? A Systematic Review
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This systematic review investigates whether clear orthodontic aligners release microplastics during use in the mouth. The findings raise concerns about a previously overlooked source of direct microplastic exposure, since millions of people wear these plastic devices against their teeth and gums for months or years at a time.
Orthodontic Clear Aligners as a Potential Source of Microplastic Exposure: Implications for Human Health and Environmental Sustainability
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If you're using clear plastic aligners to straighten your teeth (like Invisalign), this review of existing research suggests that everyday wear and tear from chewing and saliva may cause them to shed tiny plastic particles into your mouth. Scientists don't yet know how much this affects your health, but it adds to growing concerns about microplastics — tiny plastic fragments already found throughout the human body — while also raising questions about the environmental waste from millions of discarded aligners. More research is needed before we know if this is something to actually worry about.
Microplastics and nanoplastics in clinical dentistry and orthodontics: leaching, health implications, and future directions: a narrative review
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This narrative review examines the release of microplastics and nanoplastics from orthodontic appliances including aligners, retainers, and dental adhesives during routine wear and mechanical stress, calling for thorough investigation into health implications given the long-term use of these plastic-based devices.
Intraoral ageing of aligners and attachments: Adverse effects on clinical efficiency and release of biologically-active compounds
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This review examines how clear dental aligners and their attachments break down inside the mouth during use, releasing microplastics and chemical compounds from wear and friction. The aging process also reduces the aligners' ability to move teeth as planned. The findings raise questions about the safety of chronic microplastic exposure in the oral cavity from orthodontic appliances.
Clear Aligners as a Prescribed Source of Unmeasured Intra-Oral Micro- and Nanoplastic Exposure: Release Mechanisms, Human Evidence, Salivary Biomonitoring and the EU Regulatory Context
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Clear plastic teeth aligners, worn nearly all day for months by kids and adults straightening their teeth, may shed tiny plastic particles and other substances into your mouth, according to this review of existing lab studies. The catch: nobody has actually measured how much of this plastic ends up in wearers' saliva or bodies yet, so scientists are calling for real-world testing (especially in children) before these devices become even more widely used. This matters because it adds to growing questions about everyday exposure to microplastics, even from sources we don't usually think of as "plastic products."
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