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Neuroendocrine effects of inhaling emissions generated by 3-dimensional (3D)-printing with polycarbonate stock
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Researchers found that inhaling emissions from 3D printing with polycarbonate filament exposes users to respirable bisphenol A (BPA) at levels sufficient to disrupt neuroendocrine function, altering reproductive and metabolic hormone signaling in animal models.
Inhalation of emissions from dimensional (3D) printing with polycarbonate feedstock generated particulate and volatile chemicals as well as respirable bisphenol A (BPA). BPA is a known endocrine disruptor that affects both reproductive and metabolic endocrine functions. The goal of this study was to determine whether exposure to emissions generated by 3D-printing with PC stock disrupted endocrine function in a male Sprague Dawley rat model. In the current study, inhalation of 3D emissions (3DE) at an average 2.5 mg/m3/day increased circulating estradiol levels after 15 and 30 days' exposure, and elevated testosterone levels after 15 days 3DE exposure. Changes also occurred in circulating concentrations of the anterior pituitary hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) following 30 days' exposure to 3DE. These alterations in circulating steroid hormones were associated with changes in gonadotropin and thyroid stimulating hormone (Tsh) transcript levels in pituitary and estradiol receptor as well as in transcripts for inflammatory factors in olfactory bulb and gonadotropin releasing hormone transcript levels in the hypothalamus. Data are in agreement with studies demonstrating that exposure to BPA results in endocrine disruption. These findings are also consistent with the hypothesis that inhalation of 3DE may constitute another route of exposure that needs to be considered taking into account the endocrine disrupting effects generated by inhalation of 3DE.
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Inhalation of polycarbonate emissions generated during 3D printing processes affects neuroendocrine function in male rats
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Researchers exposed male rats to emissions from polycarbonate 3D printing for up to 30 days and found significant neuroendocrine disruption, including reduced thyroid-stimulating hormone, FSH, and prolactin, along with olfactory bulb cell injury and decreased sperm precursor cells — effects similar to known bisphenol A exposure.
Exposure to emissions generated by 3-dimensional printing with polycarbonate: effects on peripheral vascular function, cardiac vascular morphology and expression of markers of oxidative stress in male rat cardiac tissue
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Researchers exposed male rats to emissions from 3D printing with polycarbonate plastic for up to 30 days and found evidence of cardiovascular dysfunction, including reduced antioxidant and nitric oxide enzyme expression, cardiac artery vasoconstriction, and hormonal receptor changes consistent with endocrine disruption from bisphenol-A (BPA) in the plastic.
Inhaled polycarbonate feedstock 3-D printer emissions initiate a bisphenol A-like phenotype in rat liver
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When rats breathed in fumes from 3D printers using polycarbonate plastic, their livers developed damage, including inflammation and altered fat metabolism, that closely resembled the harmful effects seen with bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical linked to hormone disruption. This suggests that 3D printer emissions may release BPA-like compounds that can harm your liver if inhaled, which is worth knowing if you use or work near these printers regularly, especially without proper ventilation.
Inhaled polycarbonate feedstock 3-D printer emissions initiate a bisphenol A-like phenotype in rat liver
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Rats that breathed in fumes from 3D printers using polycarbonate plastic developed liver damage that looked strikingly similar to injuries caused by BPA, a chemical linked to hormone disruption and other health problems. The effects showed up quickly (within a day) and worsened over a month of exposure, suggesting that these printers may release BPA-like substances into the air that could pose real risks to people who use them regularly, especially in poorly ventilated spaces like homes or classrooms.
Inhaled polycarbonate feedstock 3-D printer emissions initiate a bisphenol A-like phenotype in rat liver
AI summary Read the abstract
Scientists found that when rats breathed in fumes from 3D printers using polycarbonate plastic, their livers developed damage strikingly similar to the effects of bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical linked to hormone disruption and liver problems. This suggests that people who regularly use these 3D printers, especially in poorly ventilated spaces, may be inhaling BPA-related compounds that could harm liver health over time, highlighting a need for better ventilation and safety practices around 3D printing.
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