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Effects of nutrients and photoperiod on production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) by thermophilic cyanobacteria
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Researchers optimized nutrient conditions and light/dark photoperiod cycles for thermophilic cyanobacteria to maximize production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), advancing the use of photosynthetic microorganisms as low-input, sustainable factories for biodegradable plastic production.
Bioplastic production using microorganisms offers a sustainable alternative to synthetic plastics. Among these microorganisms, cyanobacteria have shown significant potential for producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) due to their minimal requirement for growth. Light/dark cycles are important for cell division, metabolic reactions and reserve accumulation in cyanobacteria. Under environmental stress and nitrogen-limited conditions with excess carbon, cyanobacteria store carbon in the form of PHA in granules. This study explores the effects of nitrogen-limited condition with excess carbon under different photoperiods on biomass production and PHA accumulation in three thermophilic cyanobacteria strains isolated from Malaysia hot springs. The results showed various effects of the C:N ratio and photoperiods on biomass production and PHA accumulation, depending on the strain. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of PHA in the strains, which exhibited characteristic components similar to those of commercial poly(3hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). However, further research is needed to significantly enhance PHA accumulation under optimized conditions and to characterize the molecular structure of PHA.
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A Review of PHB Production by Cyanobacteria and Its Applications
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This review examines cyanobacteria as photoautotrophic producers of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) bioplastic, summarizing how nutrient-stress conditions stimulate PHB accumulation and evaluating the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of using cyanobacteria as an alternative to conventional feedstocks for biodegradable plastic production.
Production of biopolymers from microalgae and cyanobacteria
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This review examines the production of biopolymers, particularly polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), from microalgae and cyanobacteria as sustainable alternatives to conventional petroleum-based plastics, synthesizing studies on biomass accumulation and production pathways. The authors discuss the properties, applications, and scalability challenges of microalgae- and cyanobacteria-derived bioplastics in the context of reducing plastic pollution and fossil fuel dependence.
Leptolyngbya sp. NIVA-CYA 255, a Promising Candidate for Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Production under Mixotrophic Deficiency Conditions
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Researchers investigated the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. NIVA-CYA 255 as a candidate for biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) bioplastic production, finding that a three-stage cultivation process combining phototrophic nitrogen/phosphorus depletion followed by mixotrophic sodium acetate supplementation enhanced PHB accumulation, confirmed by FTIR, GC-MS, and fluorescent dye analyses.
Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate Production by the Cyanobacterium Scytonema geitleri Bharadwaja under Varying Environmental Conditions
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A cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) was found to produce a natural biodegradable plastic called PHB, with production rates affected by temperature, pH, and carbon source. This could be relevant to developing bio-based alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics.
Obtaining polyhydroxyalkanoate and plastic film formation from the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris under light stress and nitrogen deficiency
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Researchers evaluated polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production and plastic film formation from the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris under constant light stress and photoperiod conditions, combined with 50% nitrogen deficiency, characterizing the biopolymer using FTIR and TGA. Autotrophic conditions under constant 24-hour light stress achieved the highest biomass concentration and productivity, and the extracted polymer was successfully formed into a plastic film, demonstrating Chlorella vulgaris as a viable feedstock for biodegradable plastic production.
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