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Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Detection Methods Human Health Effects Marine & Wildlife Nanoplastics Policy & Risk Remediation Sign in to save

Electrochemical sensing for real-time monitoring of nanoplastics – Induced toxicity: Dynamic measurements at the exposure-organism interface

Journal of Hazardous Materials 2025 3 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 58 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Haifeng Zhou, Haifeng Zhou, Haifeng Zhou, Haifeng Zhou, Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Haifeng Zhou, Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver Martina G. Vijver

Summary

This perspective paper explores how electrochemical sensors could be used to monitor the toxic effects of nanoplastics on living organisms in real time, rather than only measuring outcomes after exposure ends. Researchers outline how these sensors could track dynamic biological responses at the interface where nanoplastics first contact cells and tissues. The approach could transform how scientists study nanoplastic toxicity by capturing the full timeline of biological changes as they happen.

There are many biochemical processes and biomarkers that potentially can be picked up by electrochemical sensing. By creating understanding of the techniques of measurement and by linking them to the related biochemical processes, a plethora of opportunities arise to develop real-time measurements on organisms exposed to pollutants. This ultimately can address the difference between "endpoint toxicity profiling" and "whole-process toxicity response monitoring". Application of electrochemical sensing to acquire data in real time is urgently needed because we know that the processes which chemicals and materials undergo at the abiotic-biotic interface are highly dynamic. This perspective focuses on nanoplastics (NPLs) and the interactions that occur within natural waters, in biofilm environments, and biological fluids. It has been proven that detecting NPLs is notoriously difficult, and expanding the toolbox of measuring techniques is needed. Thus, we provide a summary of electrochemical sensing methods and explain our newly developed electrochemical sensing platform that focuses on advanced cellular analyses by utilizing universal microelectrode modification strategies, and thereby also providing a comprehensive characterization of a wide range of ecosystem damages caused by plastic contamination (especially NPLs). The in-depth knowledge is valuable in fields like environmental and human toxicology and nanomedicine.

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