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Recycling Technology and Energy Utilization of Marine Plastic Waste
Summary
New technologies for marine plastic waste recovery — including chemical monomer recovery, thermal pyrolysis to liquid oil, and gasification for power generation — offer more environmentally sustainable alternatives to landfill and incineration, though scaling challenges remain. Advancing these energy-recovery methods is critical for addressing accumulated marine plastic pollution and preventing further fragmentation into microplastics.
Marine plastic pollution has accumulated on a large scale, seriously affecting human health and ecological balance. The main treatment methods, such as physical landfill and incineration, will produce a large amount of wastewater and waste gas in the treatment process, causing secondary pollution to the environment. To reduce the pollution of marine plastic waste and restore marine ecology, a more environmentally friendly and safe treatment method is needed to replace outdated technology. Through literature search and reading research, this paper discusses the new recovery and treatment technology and energy utilization technology, mainly including chemical degradation and recovery of monomer technology, thermal decomposition of plastic to produce liquid oil, and plastic waste gasification power generation technology. Among them, the energy treatment technology is very promising, but it still needs to overcome the limitations of large-scale use. In the future, China can combine the new technology of blue recycling and energy treatment to pilot in various regions and put it into use on a large scale after the technology is stable, so as to alleviate marine plastic pollution and realize "turning waste into treasure".