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Interactions between micro(nano)plastics and natural organic matter: implications for toxicity mitigation in aquatic species

Aquatic Toxicology 2025 3 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 58 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Naima Hamid, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Naima Hamid, Marriya Sultan, Marriya Sultan, Marriya Sultan, Marriya Sultan, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid S. C. Cairns, S. C. Cairns, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, Naima Hamid, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, Naima Hamid, Marriya Sultan, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, Naima Hamid, Naima Hamid, Marriya Sultan, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid De‐Sheng Pei, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Marriya Sultan, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Iain Robertson, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Naima Hamid, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Iain Robertson, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid S. C. Cairns, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid De‐Sheng Pei, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Marriya Sultan, Iain Robertson, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Marriya Sultan, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, Hasan Javed, De‐Sheng Pei, Hasan Javed, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, Muhammad Junaid De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid Marriya Sultan, Muhammad Junaid De‐Sheng Pei, Muhammad Junaid De‐Sheng Pei, De‐Sheng Pei, Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Junaid

Summary

This review examines how natural organic matter found in water can reduce the harmful effects of micro- and nanoplastics on aquatic species. Researchers found that natural organic matter forms a coating called an eco-corona on plastic particles, which can decrease their toxicity to organisms like fish and water fleas. The findings suggest that the natural composition of waterways plays an important role in moderating the ecological impact of plastic pollution.

Models

Daphnia Fish other Zebrafish

Study Type Environmental

Plastics have significantly contributed to modern conveniences owing to their ease of use, stability, and adaptability. However, the fragmentation of plastics into microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) poses significant environmental risks. These micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) can adsorb various pollutants and pathogens, potentially posing significant ecological risks. This review critically examines the natural organic matter (NOM) in mitigating the toxicity of MNPs in both marine and freshwater species. Evidence suggests that NOM facilitates the formation of an eco-corona (EC) on MNPs, thereby reducing toxicity. Reduced toxicity attributed to EC formation has been observed in various freshwater species, such as Danio rerio and Daphnia magna, as well as marine species, including sea urchins, European sea bass, and marine algae. The presence of natural organic matter (NOM), particularly fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA), significantly mitigates the toxic effects of MNPs, with HA exhibiting a strong protective effect. The interactions between MNPs and NOM, including the formation of the EC, which encompasses a protein corona component, are pivotal in understanding toxicity mitigation in aquatic environments. This review highlights the need for further research to elucidate the interactions between MNPs and NOM, and their role in mitigating toxicity across marine and freshwater ecosystems.

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