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The impact of soil microplastics on mobility of macro- i microelements in the system soil–medicinal plant Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.
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Field sampling of urban Serbian soils revealed microplastic concentrations averaging 489 particles per kilogram, dominated by polystyrene and cardanol prepolymer, with strong positive correlations between microplastic presence and bioavailable arsenic, cadmium, and lead. Laboratory experiments confirmed that polystyrene microplastics increase the mobility and plant uptake of nickel in soil by up to 81%, demonstrating that microplastics amplify heavy metal contamination risks in agricultural systems.
Mikroplastika (MP) je sveprisutan zagađivac koji predstavlja rastuću pretnju po životnu sredinu, bezbednost hrane i zdravlje ljudi. Ova studija je ispitivala ulogu MP u modifikovanju mobilnosti i biodostupnosti elemenata u sistemu zemljište–biljka, korišćenjem Capsella bursa pastoris kao modela. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo terensko ispitivanje MP u urbanim zemljištima Srbije i laboratorijsko proučavanje interakcija polistirena (PS) i nikla (Ni). Analizirani su fizičko hemijski parametri zemljišta i frakcije makro- i mikroelemenata. Protokol za izolovanje MP je optimizovan dvostepenom digestijom (H₂O₂ i NaĆlO). Utvrđen je prosečan sadržaj od 489 c estica kg-1, sa najvećim vrednostima u industrijskim zonama Bora i Vršca. Identifikovano je sedam tipova polimera, među kojima dominiraju polistiren (28,6%) i kardanol prepolimer (23,8%). Utvrđene su jake pozitivne korelacije između prisustva MP i biodostupnih frakcija As, Cd i Pb (ρ = 0,82–0,95), kao i koncentracija Cd u korenu i nadzemnom delu biljke (ρ = 0,61–0,65), što ukazuje da MP može povećati mobilnost PTE i njihovu akumulaciju u biljkama. U eksperimentu sa PS i Ni (50 i 500 mg kg-1) pokazano je da PS podstiče transformaciju Ni u labilnije frakcije i povećava njegovu biodostupnost do 81,2%. Najizraženiji efekti su zabeleženi pri 50 mg kg-1, dok je pri 500 mg kg-1 došlo do zasićenja površine PS i smanjenja akumulacije. PLS-SEM i PCA analize su potvrdile značajan uticaj PS na mobilnost i translokaciju Ni. Prisustvo MP povećalo je procenjeni karcinogeni rizik za 28,6%, pri čemu su deca identifikovana kao osetljivija grupa. Rezultati dobijeni u ovoj disertaciji ukazuju da mikroplastika deluje kao aktivni faktor koji menja hemijsko ponašanje metala, povećava mobilnost i doprinosi intenzivnijem transferu u lanac ishrane.
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Researchers grew medicinal plants (Capsella bursa-pastoris) in soil contaminated with polystyrene microplastics and nickel and found that microplastics increased nickel mobility and bioavailability by shifting metal speciation toward more extractable soil fractions, raising human health risks through plant uptake.
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Researchers investigated microplastic occurrence in urban soils from four Serbian cities and found that MPs were significantly associated with the mobility of copper, manganese, and strontium in the soil-plant system, with the weed Capsella bursa-pastoris primarily translocating these toxic elements to its aerial parts. Sites with higher MP concentrations, particularly the mining city of Bor, also showed the highest heavy metal contamination, suggesting MPs may influence phytoremediation efficiency.
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Researchers investigated the prevalence of microplastics in soils from four Serbian cities and evaluated how microplastic contamination affects the uptake of copper, manganese, and strontium by the bioindicator plant Capsella bursa-pastoris, assessing implications for phytoremediation of urban contaminated soils.
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Researchers exposed land snails to soil contaminated with both polystyrene microplastics and toxic metals including arsenic, cadmium, and mercury. They found that while microplastics had limited effects on overall metal availability in soil, they did alter the speed and pattern of metal uptake into snail tissues. The study suggests that microplastics may subtly change how organisms absorb environmental contaminants, even when they do not dramatically change the total amount available.
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