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Microplastic release from food processing to the environment: contamination pathways, health implications, and sustainability perspectives

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This review integrates evidence on how microplastics migrate from food processing equipment, packaging, and preparation into the food supply, examining contamination pathways, human health implications, and opportunities for sustainable intervention. The food processing chain represents a major but undercharacterized exposure route for dietary microplastic intake, making this synthesis critical for understanding total human body burden.

Microplastics (MPs) have rapidly emerged as a critical food safety and environmental challenge, yet their links with food processing, packaging, and human health remain insufficiently integrated in the literature.

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