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Multifaceted advances in TiO 2 -based photocatalysts for PFAS degradation: a critical review of mechanisms, modifications, and challenges
Summary
A critical review of TiO2-based photocatalysts for PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance) degradation finds that doping, composite formation, and heterojunction engineering significantly boost defluorination efficiency, while photoelectrochemical systems offer additional advantages for scale-up. PFAS are persistent co-contaminants frequently found adsorbed onto microplastic surfaces, making advances in their photocatalytic degradation directly relevant to comprehensive plastic pollution remediation.
TiO 2 remains central in photocatalysis, alone or in hybrids. Doping, composites, and heterojunctions boost PFAS degradation. Advanced oxidation and PEC improve defluorination. Mechanistic insights address stability, matrix effects, and scale-up.