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Bridging knowledge to action: enhancing microplastic pollution awareness among school children from Perak (Malaysia) via Citizen science approach

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 2026
Sarva Mangala Praveena, Sarva Mangala Praveena, Nurul Nabila Mahdzar Sharil, Sri Themudu

Summary

A citizen science educational intervention across five Malaysian schools significantly improved students' knowledge and attitudes about microplastic water pollution, though behavioral changes remained inconsistent following the program. Closing the awareness-to-action gap in younger generations is critical for building the long-term societal will needed to reduce plastic pollution at its source.

Microplastic pollution presents a pressing global environmental challenge with growing implications for human health and ecological integrity. Although environmental education is widely acknowledged as a vital tool in advancing sustainable development, awareness and understanding of microplastic pollution among school-aged children particularly in Southeast Asia remain limited. This study examines the effectiveness of a citizen science-based educational intervention in enhancing students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding microplastic pollution in water. A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design was conducted across five schools in Perak (Malaysia), involving 242 primary and secondary students. A self-administered questionnaire assessed baseline awareness, followed by an intervention integrating interactive presentations, hands-on experiments, and real-world water sampling. Post-intervention results showed statistically significant improvements in knowledge (p < 0.001) and attitudes (p < 0.05) across all schools, though behavioral changes remained inconsistent. Socio-demographic analysis revealed gender-based disparities in knowledge acquisition, emphasizing the need for inclusive and adaptable educational strategies. These outcomes reflect a broader challenge in environmental education with bridging the gap between awareness and sustained pro-environmental action. The study highlights the potential of integrating structured, context-specific learning activities into formal education systems to foster scientific literacy and environmental responsibility.

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