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Plastic realities: unpacking public awareness, attitudes and practices regarding plastic usage among residents of diverse backgrounds in Western Maharashtra
Summary
A cross-sectional study of 434 urban residents in Western Maharashtra found that while 96% recognized plastic pollution as a global issue, only 27% were aware of chemical risks like BPA, and behavioral change remained inconsistent despite widespread awareness campaigns. This knowledge-action gap highlights that public awareness alone is insufficient to reduce plastic use and the microplastic pollution it generates, pointing to the need for structural and policy interventions.
Background: Plastic pollution poses a serious threat to ecosystems and human health, particularly in developing countries where a gap often persists between public awareness and sustainable action. Despite a widespread awareness campaign being conducted using different mass media tools, public understanding and behavioural change remain inconsistent. This study assesses the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding plastic use and waste management among residents of an urban community in Western Maharashtra and identifies demographic factors influencing sustainable behaviour. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was performed in 434 participants selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a validated, pretested KAP questionnaire covering sociodemographic variables, awareness of plastic hazards and waste-handling practices. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS v26. Descriptive statistics summarized the data, while chi-square tests and multinomial logistic regression identified associations between KAP components and sociodemographic factors. Results: Almost all participants (96%) recognized plastic pollution as a global issue and 85% supported government regulation. Additionally, 27% were aware of chemical risks, such as Bisphenol A and only 20% were aware of the quantity of plastic waste produced locally. Education showed a significant association with knowledge and attitudes, whereas age and occupation influenced certain waste-management behaviours. Conclusions: The study revealed strong general awareness but weaker specific knowledge and inconsistent eco-friendly practices. Educational status emerged as the determinant of environmental literacy. Strengthening community-based education, promoting affordable alternatives and reinforcing waste-management systems are vital to transform awareness into sustained behavioural change.