We can't find the internet
Attempting to reconnect
Something went wrong!
Hang in there while we get back on track
Spatial Distribution and Composition of Solid Waste Pollution Along the Banks of the Amazon River, Brazil
Summary
A survey of solid waste pollution along the Amazon River bank in Itacoatiara, Brazil found plastics dominating waste composition at densities up to 0.65 items/m², with midstream sections most contaminated and classifications ranging from 'clean' to 'extremely dirty' under international indices. This documents a significant source of plastic pollution entering one of the world's largest river systems, with direct implications for microplastic loading into the Atlantic Ocean.
Pollution from solid waste results mainly from improper disposal and inadequate waste management, causing environmental degradation and risks to human health. This study characterized solid waste pollution along the left bank of the Amazon River within the urban segment of Itacoatiara, Brazil. Eleven sampling points were established across upstream, midstream and downstream sections. Solid waste was present at densities ranging from 0 to 0.65 items·m−2, with a mean density of 0.15 ± 0.14 items·m−2. Higher concentrations were observed in the midstream sections of the left bank (0.21 ± 0.16 items·m−2), and statistical analyses showed significant differences among sections. Plastics predominated among all materials (0.50 ± 0.60 items·m−2), and statistical analyses showed significant differences among the types of solid waste, with fragments mainly originating from bags, bottles, and fibers. Plastics were recorded in most sampling sections, with particularly high abundance in the midstream sections of the river (0.98 ± 0.80 items·m−2) and statistical analyses showed significant differences among sections and across material types. According to the general index and the clean coast index, sampling areas ranged from “clean” to “extremely dirty”, with midstream sections most impacted. The plastic abundance index indicated high plastic contamination, and hazardous waste was more frequent in the upstream and midstream sections. The environmental status index classified all sections as both “good” and “bad”, indicating compromised environmental quality and ecological integrity. These results show human pressure on the Amazon River banks and degraded environmental quality, supporting waste management policies, mitigation, monitoring, and environmental education to protect ecosystems and reduce risks to riverside communities.