Invisible Threats of Microplastics as a New Frontier in Gerontology

Specifically, microplastics are defined as those particles that measure less than 5 millimeters in diameter. Certainly, microplastic particles are now present in the global environment. It has been observed that they are present in the air that we breathe, the water that we drink, and the food that we eat. Recent research studies revealed that microplastic particles are also present in the human body. Currently, new evidence has shown that microplastic particles are not only widespread but also responsible for causing various types of biological damage. The biological damage caused by microplastic particles includes oxidative stress, effects on cell energy metabolism, promotion of inflammation, and effects on the immune system, all of which are associated with aging. Recent research has identified that microplastic particles are present in various parts of the human body, including the placenta, blood, lungs, and brain. Furthermore, microplastics have been associated with causing various forms of age-related diseases, as well as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic, and reproductive diseases. The aim of this mini-review is to summarize current knowledge regarding microplastics and aging while acknowledging existing knowledge gaps. Future research should focus on improving exposure assessment methods and conducting long-term human studies to better understand the potential role of microplastics in aging and age-related diseases.