Recent Strategies for Natural Bioremediation of Emerging Pollutants and Its Development of Sustainable Environment

Emerging pollutants (EPs), such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, microplastics, and heavy metals, are increasingly contaminating our environment, posing serious threats to human health and ecosystems. Traditional methods for removing these pollutants are often expensive, inefficient, and harmful to the environment. As a result, natural bioremediation has gained attention as a promising solution. This paper explores recent strategies in natural bioremediation, which harness the power of microorganisms, plants, and fungi to break down and remove harmful pollutants from soil, water, and air. We discuss advancements in microbial bioremediation, highlighting how specific bacteria and fungi are being used to degrade complex pollutants. Phytoremediation, the use of plants to absorb or neutralize toxins, is also examined, with examples of plant species that are particularly effective. Additionally, we look at mycoremediation, a newer approach that uses fungi to clean up contaminated environments. These bioremediation techniques not only offer a sustainable way to address pollution but also help restore ecosystems. The paper also addresses the challenges of scaling these techniques for large-scale applications, ensuring their effectiveness in real-world conditions. Finally, we emphasize the role of bioremediation in building a sustainable future by reducing reliance on harmful chemicals and fostering a cleaner environment. Natural bioremediation strategies have the potential to be a key component in achieving global environmental sustainability goals.