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Oxidative Stress, Environmental Pollutants, Aging, and Epigenetic Regulation: Mechanistic Insights and Biomarker Advances
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This study documented the use of anthropogenic materials, including plastic items, by fairy-wrens in nest construction, examining whether birds preferentially select certain material types. The research contributes to understanding how wildlife adapts to and interacts with ubiquitous plastic pollution in their environments.
Environmental pollutants, lifestyle factors, and intrinsic metabolic activity converge to generate an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the capacity of antioxidant defense systems. This oxidative stress damages cellular macromolecules, reprograms gene expression, and accelerates aging. Here we synthesize recent evidence (2020–2025) on the mechanisms by which air pollutants, heavy metals, pesticides, nanoparticles, and microplastics generate ROS, how redox imbalance interfaces with epigenetic regulation, and how these processes drive aging and disease. Rather than condensing, we retain full mechanistic details from multiple recent reviews to provide a comprehensive resource. We also discuss emerging biomarkers, including redox‑related metabolites and epigenetic signatures, and outline future directions for integrating multi‑omics and artificial intelligence to develop personalized interventions. Citation numbering in the text follows the order of appearance.
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Oxidative Stress, Environmental Pollutants, Aging, and Epigenetic Regulation: Mechanistic Insights and Biomarker Advances
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Researchers synthesized 2020–2025 evidence on how environmental pollutants including micro- and nanoplastics amplify reactive oxygen species through shared nodes — mitochondrial disruption, NADPH oxidase activation, and Fenton chemistry — propagating oxidative signals into epigenetic remodeling, while comparing biomarker platforms by analytical specificity and translational readiness.
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This editorial frames emerging environmental pollutants—including microplastics, persistent organic pollutants, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals—as major drivers of the 80% of aging variation attributable to environmental rather than genetic factors, calling for urgent research into how these exposures accelerate aging biomarkers and age-related diseases. The collection establishes microplastics as a novel environmental aging stressor with implications for public health policy targeting healthy aging populations.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.