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Technical, Economic and Perception-Based Assessment of Plastic Paver Blocks as an Alternative to Concrete Pavers
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Researchers compared plastic paver blocks made from 40% waste plastic and 60% sand against conventional M30 concrete pavers across mechanical, durability, and economic tests, finding plastic pavers met M40-grade compressive strength requirements, showed far lower water absorption and abrasion loss, and cost roughly 24% less, though limited availability and regulatory gaps remain barriers to adoption.
Abstract Managing plastic waste while reducing the environmental impact of cement-based pavements is a major challenge in sustainable infrastructure development. Conventional concrete pavements consume large quantities of cement, contributing significantly to carbon emissions. Therefore, alternative and eco-friendly paving materials are required. This study investigates the feasibility of plastic paver blocks as a substitute for conventional concrete paver blocks, considering their mechanical performance, durability, cost effectiveness, and market acceptance. Two types of paver blocks were manufactured: plastic paver blocks composed of 40% waste plastic and 60% sand, and conventional concrete paver blocks using M30 grade concrete. A total of 20 specimens of each type were prepared and tested in accordance with IS 15658:2006. The tests included compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption, and abrasion resistance. The plastic paver blocks achieved an average compressive strength of 40.40 N/mm², satisfying the requirements of M40 grade, while concrete pavers recorded a higher average value of 48.64 N/mm². Flexural strength values were 6.22 N/mm² for plastic pavers and 7.09 N/mm² for concrete pavers. Plastic paver blocks exhibited significantly lower water absorption (0.21%) compared to concrete pavers (4.13%), indicating superior resistance to moisture. Abrasion loss was also lower for plastic pavers (0.80 mm) than for concrete pavers (2.16 mm). Both paver types met the codal requirements. Cost analysis revealed that plastic paver blocks are approximately 23.7% cheaper than concrete pavers. A perception survey of 157 construction professionals in Jhapa District, Nepal, showed good awareness and positive acceptance; however, limited availability and lack of regulatory support remain key challenges.
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Eco-Friendly Pavement Innovation: Compressive Strength of Plastic–Sand Paver Blocks
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Researchers developed eco-friendly paving blocks using post-consumer PET, HDPE, and LDPE plastic waste combined with local sand in coastal Indonesia, finding that a 1:1 plastic-to-sand ratio achieved the highest compressive strength of 9.84 MPa, meeting Class D criteria suitable for garden paths and light pedestrian use.
Plastic Waste-Based Paving Blocks: Towards A Sustainable Circular Construction Material
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Researchers tested four plastic-to-sand ratios for producing paving blocks from blended PET, PP, and LDPE waste, finding that a 75% plastic mix delivered the highest compressive strength at 11.64 MPa while pure plastic blocks offered the best water resistance and abrasion performance.
Development of Sustainable Paver Blocks using HDPE Plastic, Quarry Dust and Flyash
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Researchers developed interlocking paver blocks by substituting HDPE plastic waste, fly ash, and quarry dust for conventional cement and aggregate, demonstrating that the HDPE binder significantly reduces water absorption while the industrial by-products improve particle packing—yielding blocks with adequate compressive strength for pedestrian and light-traffic use.
Development of Sustainable Paver Blocks using HDPE Plastic, Quarry Dust and Flyash
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Researchers developed interlocking paver blocks by substituting HDPE plastic waste, fly ash, and quarry dust for conventional cement and aggregate, demonstrating that the HDPE binder significantly reduces water absorption while the industrial by-products improve particle packing—yielding blocks with adequate compressive strength for pedestrian and light-traffic use.
Experimental Study of Manufacturing of Precast Paver Blocks from Local Municipal Solid Waste
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Researchers investigated manufacturing precast paver blocks using local municipal solid waste plastic as a substitute for cement, aiming to reduce production costs compared to traditional concrete blocks. The experimental study evaluated the mechanical and durability properties of plastic waste-based paving blocks, demonstrating viability for sustainable construction applications in India.
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