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Microplastic entry into the ocular surface through eye drops usage
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Researchers detected microplastics in commercial eye drops and on the ocular surfaces of human volunteers, then confirmed in rat experiments that these particles can penetrate the eye, enter the bloodstream, elevate oxidative stress, and trigger ocular inflammation — identifying eye drops as a previously overlooked microplastic exposure route.
Microplastics can enter the human body through various pathways, but their entry into the eyes remains unproven. Since commercial eye drops contain large amounts of microplastics, we hypothesized that microplastics could enter the eyes when applying eye drops. We analyzed 5 samples of eye drops, and ocular surface lavage fluid from 14 volunteers. Then we studied the migration of microplastics and their ocular damage in in vivo rat experiments. Results show a widespread occurrence of microplastics in eye drops and on human ocular surface. We also found that microplastics can even enter the bloodstream via ocular surface. Overall, commercial eye drops appear as an overlooked pathway for microplastic deposition on the human ocular surface. As a consequence, microplastics could elevate ocular oxidative stress, and trigger ocular inflammation.
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This study detected microplastics in 81% of 21 commercial eyedrop products tested in Malaysia, with polystyrene being the dominant polymer and lubricant eyedrops showing the highest contamination levels. Researchers estimate that lubricant eyedrop users in Malaysia may collectively be exposed to up to 2.7 million microplastic particles daily, highlighting an overlooked route of direct human ocular exposure.
Microplastic Pollution In Eye Drops: Investigating Microplastic Contamination In Disposable And Multi-Use Artificial Tears
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An often-overlooked health issue: The potential adverse effects of microplastics on the human ocular health
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Tiny plastic particles from air, cosmetics, and even contact lenses can land on the surface of your eyes, and this review of existing research suggests they may contribute to problems like dry eye, irritation, and inflammation of the cornea. While scientists are still figuring out exactly how harmful these particles are, the risk seems to depend on factors like plastic type and size, and can potentially be lowered by cutting down on plastic use and being mindful with contact lens care. It's a good reminder that microplastic exposure isn't just about what we eat or breathe, it may also affect the health of our eyes.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.