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[Environmental pollutants and Alzheimer's disease].
Summary
This review examined how environmental pollutants including heavy metals, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and microplastics contribute to Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis by promoting beta-amyloid accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, and neuroinflammation, suggesting that pollutant exposure is an underappreciated risk factor.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive impairment. The main hypotheses about the pathogenesis of AD include the hypothesis of β-amyloid protein, the hypothesis of abnormal phosphorylation of Tau protein, and the hypothesis of neuroinflammation. In recent years, environmental pollutants have been considered as an important factor in causing neurological dysfunction. Common environmental pollutants include heavy metals, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, microplastics, and air pollutants, all of which have been proven to have neurotoxicity. In this review, we not only discussed epidemiological and animal experimental studies that link environmental pollution with AD, but also summarized the mechanisms of action of relevant toxins, providing insights for studying the interrelationships between environmental pollutants and AD.