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Effect of microplastics on cell survival, free radical induction and genotoxicity in in vitro systems
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This study examined the cytotoxic, pro-oxidative, and genotoxic effects of different plastic polymers on human cell lines (oral, gastric, liver, and skin), finding polymer-specific differences in cell damage with some plastic types showing significant DNA-damaging and oxidative stress effects.
Mikroplastika je sveprisutni zagađivač okoliša i rastući rizik za ljudsko zdravlje. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati citotoksične, prooksidativne i genotoksične učinke različitih polimera na ljudske stanične linije (CAL 27, AGS, HepG2 i HaCaT). Citotoksičnost je procijenjena Neutral Red metodom, oksidativni stres DCFH-DA metodom (2',7'-diklorodihidrofluorescein diacetat) koja detektira ROS (reaktivne kisikove vrste), a genotoksičnost komet testom. Stanice su bile izložene česticama polietilena visoke gustoće (HDPE), polivinilklorida (PVC) i polipropilena (PP) u koncentracijama 500-228 000 čestica/m³. Rezultati pokazuju da biološki učinci ovise o vrsti polimera, koncentraciji i tipu stanica. Pri nižim koncentracijama uočena je blaga stimulacija proliferacije, dok su više doze, osobito PP-a, izazvale citotoksičnost. Analize ROS-a pokazale su slab prooksidativni potencijal većine plastika, osim izraženog učinka PP-a pri najvišim koncentracijama. Komet test potvrdio je genotoksičnost kod HDPE-a. Rezultati naglašavaju složenost djelovanja mikroplastike i potrebu za daljnjim istraživanjima.
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Genotoxicity of polystyrene and polyethylene micro- and nanoparticles in human lung (A549) and liver (HepG2) cell lines
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Lab tests on human lung and liver cells exposed to tiny polystyrene and polyethylene plastic particles found modest reductions in cell survival and some DNA damage, more so in liver cells. Effects varied by plastic type and cell type, and were not clearly linked to oxidative stress.
Comparative toxicity of microplastics obtained from human consumer products on human cell-based models
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Researchers tested microplastics ground from everyday consumer plastic products, like forks and cups, on eight different human cell types and found that certain cells were notably vulnerable. Endothelial cells and microglial cells showed decreased viability and DNA damage at concentrations as low as 10 micrograms per milliliter. The study suggests that microplastics from real consumer products may pose different risks than the pristine laboratory polymers typically used in toxicity research.
Cytotoxic Effects of Microplastics on Human Cells
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This study reviewed and tested the cytotoxic effects of microplastics on human cells, finding that microplastic particles can cause cell damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress at relevant concentrations. The results support growing concern that microplastics ingested or inhaled by humans may pose direct health risks at the cellular level.
Ingestion, fate, and impact of micro-, nano-plastics to living cells
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This thesis tested tiny plastic particles, including polystyrene, PLA, and PCL, on human intestinal, liver, and neuronal cells grown in the lab. Smaller particles caused more cell damage, including stress to cell structures and disrupted genes, with effects varying by polymer type and cell type. Biodegradable plastics also caused cell stress, similar to conventional plastics.
Micro- and nano-plastics induce inflammation and cell death in human cells.
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Human cell cultures exposed to micro- and nano-plastics (MNPLs) showed elevated inflammation markers and cell death, with effects varying by particle type and concentration. The study developed a novel extraction and staining technique to identify individual plastic types in complex mixtures, advancing methods for assessing human cellular toxicity.
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