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The physical impacts of microplastics on marine organisms: A review
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This review examined how microplastics physically affect marine invertebrates, looking at factors like particle size, density, and how different feeding styles influence which organisms are most at risk. The study highlights that microplastics can accumulate inside organisms and transfer up through the food chain, providing important guidance for future marine pollution research and management.
Plastic debris at the micro-, and potentially also the nano-scale, are widespread in the environment. Microplastics have accumulated in oceans and sediments worldwide in recent years, with maximum concentrations reaching 100 000 particles m(3). Due to their small size, microplastics may be ingested by low trophic fauna, with uncertain consequences for the health of the organism. This review focuses on marine invertebrates and their susceptibility to the physical impacts of microplastic uptake. Some of the main points discussed are (1) an evaluation of the factors contributing to the bioavailability of microplastics including size and density; (2) an assessment of the relative susceptibility of different feeding guilds; (3) an overview of the factors most likely to influence the physical impacts of microplastics such as accumulation and translocation; and (4) the trophic transfer of microplastics. These findings are important in guiding future marine litter research and management strategies.
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The physical and Chemical Impact of Microplastic in The Marine Environment: a Systematic Review
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This systematic review examines the physical and chemical properties of microplastics found in marine environments, including their size, shape, and toxicity. It covers how microplastics are detected and analyzed, and discusses their impact on both ecosystems and human health. The review provides foundational information about how ocean microplastic contamination could eventually affect people through seafood consumption and water exposure.
Micro Plastics in The Marine Environment: A Review of Their Effects on Marine Organisms and Ecosystems
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This review examines the effects of microplastics on marine organisms and ecosystems, summarizing evidence for MP ingestion across trophic levels, physical and chemical harm to marine life, and the pathways through which marine MP pollution threatens biodiversity and fisheries.
Effects of Microplastics in Marine Ecosystem
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This review summarized the growing evidence for microplastic pollution in marine environments worldwide, covering harm to marine organisms from both physical ingestion and co-transported chemical contaminants. The paper highlights the threat that microplastics and their associated pollutants pose to marine biodiversity and ecosystem health.
Microplastics in Marine Environment: Occurrence, Distribution, and Extraction Methods in Marine Organisms
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This review summarized the occurrence, distribution, and extraction methods of microplastics in marine organisms, highlighting how these particles enter marine food webs through runoff and atmospheric deposition and pose risks to ecosystems and human health.
Feasting on microplastics: ingestion by and effects on marine organisms
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This review synthesizes experimental studies on microplastic ingestion and effects across a wide range of marine organisms, finding evidence of physical harm, reproductive effects, and reduced feeding in multiple taxa. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the biological consequences of microplastic ingestion and identifies key knowledge gaps for future research.
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