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Microplastics in marine environments

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This Croatian review discussed the steady growth of microplastic contamination in the world's oceans since the mid-twentieth century, covering sources, environmental effects, food chain transfer, and the need for standardized monitoring methods. The review emphasizes that microplastic ingestion by marine organisms creates a pathway for toxic compounds to accumulate and ultimately reach humans.

Korištenje plastike neprestano raste od sredine dvadesetog stoljeća, a s njime i količina mikroplastike u morima diljem svijeta. Plastika sve češće zamjenjuje druge materijale zbog svojih povoljnih svojstava, ali se zbog nepotpune razgradnje nakuplja u morskom okolišu u obliku krupnog plastičnog otpada te čestica promjera manjeg od 5 milimetara, mikroplastike. Mikroplastika u morima ima štetan utjecaj na živi svijet: ulazi u probavni sustav morskih organizama, a toksični spojevi koje na sebe privlači nakupljaju se i prenose kroz hranidbene lance te s vremenom dolaze do čovjeka. Istraživanja su pokazala proporcionalan porast mikroplastike i gustoće naseljenosti određenog područja. Potrebno je provesti standardizaciju u načinu prikupljanja podataka kako bi bilo moguće praćenje stanja u vremenu i prostoru. Potrebna su dodatna istraživanja mogućnosti bioakumulacije toksičnih tvari u mikroplastici. Posljednjih je godina problem mikroplastike sve zamjećeniji i poznatiji. Međutim, još su mnoga područja neistražena, pogotovo ona vezana uz vrlo sitne čestice, nanoplastiku, koja je potencijalno još veća opasnost za živi svijet od krupnije mikroplastike.

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