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Microplastic pollution of the beaches of Guanabara Bay, Southeast Brazil
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Researchers quantified microplastic pollution on a southern Brazilian beach, finding an average of 650 MPs/kg of sediment with highest concentrations near the Mampituba River mouth, dominated by polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyamide particles in the 50–100 µm range. The findings confirm that riverine transport is a major pathway delivering microplastics to coastlines, underscoring the need for upstream source control to protect coastal ecosystems.
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A survey of 27 beaches along Rio de Janeiro's eastern coast found microplastics on every beach, with winter counts (2,987 particles) nearly five times higher than summer (562 particles), driven by seasonal wind and wave dynamics, with fragments and fibers of polyethylene and polypropylene dominating. The seasonal variation reveals that MP exposure for coastal wildlife and beachgoers fluctuates dramatically with environmental conditions, complicating risk assessments tied to any single sampling window.
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Microplastic pollution in coastal areas is accelerating in parallel with global plastic production, with aquatic ecosystems projected to bear an increasing burden of contamination. The ubiquity of coastal microplastics poses direct risks to marine biodiversity and indirect risks to human health through seafood consumption.
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