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Removal of Lead Pollutants in Cultivation Water Modified Using Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria to Improve Growth of Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon)
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Researchers investigated the use of marine sponge symbiont bacteria, specifically Bacillus pumilus and Pseudomonas stutzeri, as bioremediation agents to remove lead pollutants from cultivation water used for tiger shrimp, finding improved water quality and daily growth over a 30-day maintenance period.
Brackish water is often contaminated with dangerous and toxic pollutants, such as heavy metals, microplastics, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Bioremediation methods using non-pathogenic bacteria can be applied to remove these pollutants. This research aims to eliminate lead pollutants in the cultivation media for tiger shirmp of the type Penaeus monodon (TSPM), while increasing daily growth. Engineering cultivation media with the addition of Bacillus pumilus (BP) and Pseudomonas stutzeri (PS) bioremediators to remove Pb2+ pollutants in TSPM media. The maintenance process lasts for 30 days. The effectiveness of the method is determined by measuring the physical and chemical properties, growth analysis, and survival rate of TSPM. The bioremediation performance of the bioremediator bacteria was determined using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer instrument. The research results showed that all physical and chemical parameters of the cultivation media analyzed met quality standards. The presence of BP and PS remediation bacteria did not have a negative effect on TSPM growth. The survival rate of TSPM was relatively higher than in conventional shrimp cultivation. The bioremediation performance of BP bacteria is superior to that of PS bacteria and a mixture of BP+PS bacteria in removing lead pollutants. This bioremediation method is suitable for application to other crustacean cultivation.
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