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Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Marine & Wildlife Sign in to save

Detection of low numbers of microplastics in North Sea fish using strict quality assurance criteria

Marine Pollution Bulletin 2017 207 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count.
Enya Hermsen, Renske Pompe, Ellen Besseling, Albert A. Koelmans

Summary

Using strict contamination controls, researchers examined 400 North Sea fish across four species and found microplastics in only 0.25% of individuals — far lower than many previous studies. The stark difference highlights how contamination during sample handling can inflate microplastic ingestion rates and underscores the need for rigorous quality assurance in monitoring studies.

Polymers

We investigated 400 individual fish of four North Sea species: Atlantic Herring, Sprat, Common Dab, and Whiting on ingestion of >20μm microplastic. Strict quality assurance criteria were followed in order to control contamination during the study. Two plastic particles were found in only 1 (a Sprat) out of 400 individuals (0.25%, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.09-1.1%). The particles were identified to consist of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) through FTIR spectroscopy. No contamination occurred during the study, showing the method applied to be suitable for microplastic ingestion studies in biota. We discuss the low particle count for North Sea fish with those in other studies and suggest a relation between reported particle count and degree of quality assurance applied. Microplastic ingestion by fish may be less common than thought initially, with low incidence shown in this study, and other studies adhering to strict quality assurance criteria.

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