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Seguimiento de basuras marinas en playas españolas
Summary
This Spanish study monitored marine litter on Spanish beaches over time, tracking trends in litter quantity and type as part of efforts to implement EU marine strategy directives. The monitoring data show that plastic remains the dominant form of marine litter and that progress toward reduction targets has been slow.
espanolLas basuras marinas son un problema global que afecta a todos los oceanos del mundo, con efectos ambientales, economicos, sobre la salud y esteticos debidos a malas practicas en la gestion de residuos solidos, infraestructuras, actividades y a comportamientos humanos indiscriminados y una insuficiente concienciacion ciudadana sobre consecuencias potenciales de sus acciones (UNEP, 2009). La Directiva marco sobre la estrategia marina (2008/56/CE) incluye entre los 11 descriptores del estado ambiental del medio marino el D-10, sobre la basura marina y establece que el buen estado ambiental se logra solo cuando las propiedades y cantidades de basura marina no causan dano al medio ambiente costero y marino''. Dentro del proceso de desarrollo de estrategias marinas espanolas en cumplimiento esta Directiva y de la Ley 41/2010 de proteccion del medio marino que la traspone a nuestro ordenamiento juridico, se ha disenado y puesto en marcha el Programa de seguimiento de basuras marinas para 5 demarcaciones marinas espanolas. Este programa esta constituido por 7 subprogramas, dos de los cuales se centran en playas: el subprograma BM-1 Basuras en playas y el subprograma BM-6 Microplasticos en playas. El presente articulo resume la manera en la que se estan realizando ambos subprogramas y los resultados mas destacados obtenidos desde su puesta en marcha. EnglishMarine litter is a global problem that affects oceans worldwide, with environmental, economic, health-related and aesthetic effects due to bad practices in management of solid waste, infrastructures, activities and indiscriminate human behaviors and insufficient public awareness of potential consequences of their actions (UNEP, 2009). The Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/CE) includes, among 11 descriptors to assess environmental status, one specific descriptor (D-10) on marine litter and states that good environmental status is achieved only when the properties and quantities of marine litter do not cause harm to coastal and marine environment. As part of process of implementing Spanish marine strategies in compliance with this Directive and Law 41/2010 on protection of marine environment that transposes it into our legal system, Litter Monitoring Program has been designed and implemented in ji.ve Spanish marine subdivisions. This program includes seven different subprograms, two of which are focused on beaches: subprogram BM-1 Marine Litter on beaches and subprogram BM-6 Microplastics on beaches. This article summarizes way in which both subprograms are being carried out and most relevant results obtained since its implementation.