Biological effects of virgin and weathered microplastic particles and their leachates

Environmental Fate and Effects of Microplastics on Organisms

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This review examined the environmental fate of microplastics — including fragmentation dynamics, sorption of co-contaminants, and bioaccumulation through food webs — alongside their toxic effects on organisms ranging from invertebrates to mammals. Understanding how plastics persist, concentrate toxicants, and biomagnify through trophic levels is essential for predicting long-term health consequences for wildlife and human consumers.

Microplastic Fate and Impacts in the Environment

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Microplastic pollution has been documented across virtually every ecosystem on Earth, from sea surfaces to deep sediments, polar regions to tropical rivers, and inside a wide range of organisms spanning multiple trophic levels. This comprehensive environmental presence confirms that microplastics pose systemic risks to biodiversity and human health through multiple exposure pathways.

Microplastic Fate and Impacts in the Environment

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Microplastic pollution has been documented across virtually every ecosystem on Earth — from ocean surfaces to deep-sea floors, polar regions to tropical soils, and in organisms spanning the full breadth of the food web. This pervasive distribution confirms that microplastic exposure is now universal and that understanding long-term fate and biological impacts is one of the most pressing environmental health challenges of our time.

Combined abiotic and biotic weathering of microplastic particles: Alterations of their physicochemical properties and interactions with cells

Identification, characterisation of microplastic and their effects on aquatic organisms

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Tiny plastic bits called microplastics are building up in rivers, lakes, and oceans, and fish are absorbing them into their bodies, with the amount varying by fish species, which body part, and what they eat. This review pulls together existing research on how scientists detect these particles and how they affect aquatic life, which matters to us because these same fish often end up on our dinner plates, potentially passing microplastics up the food chain to humans.