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Plastic ingestion by juvenile polar cod (Boreogadus saida) in the Arctic Ocean

Polar Biology 2018 124 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 50 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

J.A. van Franeker, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Melanie Bergmann Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Tekman, Mine, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, Melanie Bergmann Susanne Kühn, Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, Susanne Kühn, Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Melanie Bergmann Susanne Kühn, J.A. van Franeker, Susanne Kühn, Tekman, Mine, J.A. van Franeker, Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Tekman, Mine, Fokje L. Schaafsma, Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Fokje L. Schaafsma, Melanie Bergmann Hauke Flores, Bernike van Werven, Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, Melanie Bergmann Susanne Kühn, Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Bernike van Werven, Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Tekman, Mine, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, Hauke Flores, Susanne Kühn, J.A. van Franeker, Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, Susanne Kühn, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, Hauke Flores, Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, Susanne Kühn, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Tekman, Mine, J.A. van Franeker, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, Marion Egelkraut-Holtus, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Susanne Kühn, Marion Egelkraut-Holtus, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Tekman, Mine, Susanne Kühn, Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, J.A. van Franeker, Melanie Bergmann Hauke Flores, Hauke Flores, J.A. van Franeker, Tekman, Mine, Tekman, Mine, J.A. van Franeker, Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, Tekman, Mine, J.A. van Franeker, Melanie Bergmann Susanne Kühn, Melanie Bergmann J.A. van Franeker, Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann Tekman, Mine, Melanie Bergmann

Summary

Researchers examined the gastrointestinal contents of juvenile polar cod caught in the Arctic Ocean and found plastic fragments, demonstrating that even juvenile fish in remote Arctic waters are ingesting microplastics.

Polymers

PMMA

Study Type Environmental

One of the recently recognised stressors in Arctic ecosystems concerns plastic litter. In this study, juvenile polar cod (<i>Boreogadus saida</i>) were investigated for the presence of plastics in their stomachs. Polar cod is considered a key species in the Arctic ecosystem. The fish were collected both directly from underneath the sea ice in the Eurasian Basin and in open waters around Svalbard. We analysed the stomachs of 72 individuals under a stereo microscope. Two stomachs contained non-fibrous microplastic particles. According to µFTIR analysis, the particles consisted of epoxy resin and a mix of Kaolin with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). Fibrous objects were excluded from this analysis to avoid bias due to contamination with airborne micro-fibres. A systematic investigation of the risk for secondary micro-fibre contamination during analytical procedures showed that precautionary measures in all procedural steps are critical. Based on the two non-fibrous objects found in polar cod stomachs, our results show that ingestion of microplastic particles by this ecologically important fish species is possible. With increasing human activity, plastic ingestion may act as an increasing stressor on polar cod in combination with ocean warming and sea-ice decline in peripheral regions of the Arctic Ocean. To fully assess the significance of this stressor and its spatial and temporal variability, future studies must apply a rigorous approach to avoid secondary pollution.

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