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Why is High Persistence Alone a Major Cause of Concern?
Summary
This review examined why high environmental persistence alone is a major concern for chemicals, finding that persistent substances distribute globally, accumulate to higher concentrations than short-lived chemicals, and pose long-term risks that are difficult to reverse once contamination occurs.
High persistence (environmental degradation half-lives of several years or more) has important implications for the behavior of chemicals in the environment. Persistent chemicals are distributed widely, often globally, and reach (much) higher concentrations than short-lived chemicals emitted at the same rate. We illustrate these features of highly persistent chemicals using a unit-world environmental fate model. Over the last decades, persistent chemicals such as polychlorinated biphenyls and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances have caused serious impacts on the environment and human health. We argue that high persistence should be given particular emphasis in chemicals assessment and management and that highly persistent chemicals should be regulated on the basis of their persistence alone (P-sufficient approach)