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Microplastic pollution in water Systems of the Global South: A review

Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 2025 1 citation ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count.
Amir Mohammad Saadat, Sajad Khodambashi Emami, Hossein Hamidifar, Mohammad Javad Fardadi Shilsar

Summary

This review assesses the state of microplastic pollution in water systems across the Global South, where inadequate waste management infrastructure contributes to widespread contamination. Researchers found that despite decades of research documenting the risks, governmental response in these regions has been limited. The study calls for region-specific mitigation strategies and stronger regulatory frameworks to address the disproportionate impact of microplastic pollution on developing nations.

Microplastic (MP) pollution has emerged as a significant global environmental threat, with particular challenges in the context of water crises in the Global South. The persistent nature and bioaccumulation of MPs contribute to their detrimental impacts on human health. Current technologies for addressing, recycling, or mitigating MPs remain inadequate, resulting in insufficient elimination of these pollutants. Furthermore, the fragmentation and degradation of poorly managed plastic waste are identified as a substantial source of MPs. Establishing political measures and sustainable strategies is critical to promoting an MP-free environment. Despite decades of extensive research revealing the widespread pollution and potential risks associated with MPs, governmental agencies in the Global South have made limited progress in efficiently addressing plastic and MP pollution. This article critically reviews recent advancements in both scientific and regulatory perspectives, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive research on MP pollution, particularly in Global South nations. Regional studies in the Global South underscore the critical urgency of addressing significant environmental contamination and highlight the necessity for targeted mitigation strategies tailored to the specific challenges of these regions. The review article concludes by recommending a proactive path forward to overcome existing barriers and advance efforts toward a sustainable and resilient response to MP pollution, especially in water systems vulnerable to crises.

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