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Toxicological considerations of nano-sized plastics
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This review examined the toxicological considerations specific to nanoplastics, focusing on how particle deposition in different biological compartments, physical properties (size, shape, surface chemistry), and chemical additives interact to determine biological effects. The authors argue that understanding nanoplastic toxicology requires shifting focus from exposure characterization to mechanistic biological relevance at the tissue and organ level.
Undoubtedly, plastics have changed human existence. These pervasive products are used in nearly every field to include technological, biomedical, and domestic applications. Post-consumer plastic waste disposal leading to plastic pollution in landfills, waterways, and oceans represents a worldwide environmental challenge. Accumulation and continued material fragmentation from micro- to nanoplastics has identified concerns pertaining to environmental and human exposures and toxicity. While many studies have focused on particle fate and identification, the toxicological considerations must focus on the biological relevance of particle deposition within a particular organism, compartment, organ, and tissue. Further, concerns exist regarding the physical and chemical properties of the plastic particles during their production and/or degradation. In this mini-review we will discuss (1) particle characterization and assessment, (2) environmental concerns, and (3) human toxicity.
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Micro and nano-plastics, a threat to human health?
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This review examines the threat micro- and nanoplastics pose to human health, discussing how these persistent particles accumulate in organs including lungs, the gastrointestinal system, and blood, and how their chemical composition and size influence toxicity.
Unseen Hazards—Toxicological Effects and Human Health Impacts of Nanoplastics and Microplastics
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This review covers the toxicological effects of microplastics and nanoplastics in humans, examining exposure routes (oral, inhalation, dermal), tissue distribution, and mechanisms of harm including oxidative stress, inflammation, and endocrine disruption. It emphasises the importance of particle size, polymer type, and adsorbed chemical additives in determining toxicity.
Health impacts of micro- and nanoplastics: key influencing factors, limitations, and future perspectives
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This review systematically analyzed how the physicochemical properties of micro- and nanoplastics — including size, shape, surface charge, and polymer type — determine their toxicological impacts across biological systems. The authors argue that property-based frameworks are essential for predicting MNP health risks and designing relevant research.
Biological hazards of micro- and nanoplastic with adsorbents and additives
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This review summarizes a decade of research on the biological hazards of microplastics and nanoplastics, including how their size, type, and adsorbed chemicals affect living organisms. Researchers found that smaller nanoplastics pose heightened risks because they are more easily absorbed by cells and tissues through ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. The study emphasizes the need for further research into the long-term health effects of accumulating plastic particles in the environment and in the body.
Micro- and nanoplastics: origin, sources of intake and impact on human health (literature review)
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Research digests by email
When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.