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Microplastic Pollution: An Overview of Current Scenario, Challenges, and Research Gaps
Summary
This review provides an overview of the current state of microplastic pollution globally, covering sources, environmental distribution, ecological impacts, and analytical challenges. The authors identify key research gaps — particularly in understanding long-term health effects — and call for standardized methods and stronger regulatory frameworks.
Globally presence of Microplastics (MPs) in the environment is identified as one of the major environmental threat. MPs are small plastic fragments (0.001-5 mm) and are ubiquitous in the environment especially in the marine and freshwater ecosystems. Majorly, they originate as a degradation products of larger plastic materials, or directly originate from personnel care products and synthetic fabrics. Smaller size of MPs results in their ingestion by a wide range of aquatic organisms ranging from zooplankton to fish, implying the potential for microplastics to accumulate in the marine food web.