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Kantong plastik berbayar membutuhkan regulasi nasional
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This Indonesian policy document argued for national regulation to reduce single-use plastic bag consumption, noting that Indonesia is the world's second-largest contributor of plastic waste to the ocean. The author describes how plastic bags fragment into microplastics and advocates for tax-based measures to change consumer behavior, drawing on international examples.
Mengapa program ini penting? Indonesia saat ini adalah negara penyumbang sampah plastik terbesar ke 2 di Dunia dalam katogeri pembuangan sampah ke laut setelah Tiongkok. Data yang diperoleh dari Asosiasi Industri Plastik Indonesia (INAPLAS) dan Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) menunjukan bahwa sampah plastik di Indonesia mencapai 64 juta ton/tahun dimana sebanyak 3,2 juta ton merupakan sampah plastik yang dibuang ke laut. Kantong plastik yang terbuang ke lingkungan adalah sebanyak 10 milar lembar per tahun atau sebanyak 85.000 ton. Sampah plastik yang masuk ke laut dapat terbelah menjadi partikel-partikel kecil yang disebut microplastics dengan ukuran 0,3 – 5 milimeter. Microplastics ini sangat mudah dikonsumsi oleh hewan-hewan laut. Program saat ini: Menuai banyak pro dan kontra diberbagai kalangan masyarakat karena tidak memiliki dasar hukum yang jelas. Dasar hukum yang tidak jelas membuat pemerintah daerah menerbitkan aturannya masing-masing. Masyarakat masih belum menyadari pentingnya aturan ini karena tidak ada regulasi nasional sebagai induk. Aturan yang ada belum dapat mengubah pola pikir masyarakat untuk tidak bergantung pada kantong plastik dengan membawa tas belanja sendiri. Program Kantong Plastik Berbayar membutuhkan Regulasi Nasional: Mentri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kelautan harus segera membuat Regulasi Nasional untuk Kantong Plastik Berbayar agar memiliki dasar hukum yang jelas. Harga kantong plastik berbayar harus dinaikan dari Rp. 200 menjadi Rp. 2000-5000. Seluruh Pemerintah Daerah di Indonesia harus membuat aturan tentang Kantong Plastik Berbayar. Masyarakat diberi sosialisasi untuk membawa kantong belanja sendiri (non plastik) ketika berbelanja. Pemerintah bekerja sama dengan perusahaan ritel, menyediakan kantong belanja gratis dengan stok terbatas pada saat diterbitkannya aturan Kantong Plastik Berbayar di tiap daerah. Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dapat melakukan inspeksi rutin untuk memonitoring berjalannya aturan ini di setiap toko ritel.
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