0
Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Sign in to save

Microplastic abundance in atmospheric deposition within the Metropolitan area of Hamburg, Germany

The Science of The Total Environment 2019 792 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 50 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Malin Klein, Elke Kerstin Fischer

Summary

Researchers measured atmospheric microplastic deposition across urban and rural sites in the Hamburg metropolitan region over 12 weeks, finding a mean of 275 particles per m² per day with polyethylene fragments dominant, and unexpectedly higher concentrations at rural sites under conifer forest canopy than at urban locations, suggesting forest combing effects and agricultural inputs as significant deposition drivers.

Only few studies investigated the input of microplastic particles via the atmosphere, so far. Here, we present results on microplastic concentrations in the atmospheric deposition in the metropolitan region of Hamburg. In total, six investigation sites were equipped with three bulk precipitation samplers each and sampled biweekly over 12 weeks (12/17-03/18). Three sites were located in a rural area south of Hamburg comprising one open field site and two throughfall sites under beech/oak and Douglas fir forest canopy, respectively. Three further sites were selected within the city following a transect from north to south representing urban sites of varying degrees concerning population, traffic and industrial pressures. Particles and fibers were counted under UV light within a photo box and under a fluorescence microscope (Axio Lab A.1, Zeiss). Results show that microplastic particles are ubiquitous at all sites. A median abundance between 136.5 and 512.0 microplastic particles per m/day has been found over the sampling period. This equals a mean microplastic abundance of 275 particles/m/day μRaman spectroscopy showed that polyethylenes/ethylvinyl acetate copolymers are dominating significantly (48.8 and 22.0%, respectively), 16 particles analyzed (14.6%) were identified as contamination from PE (polyethylene) samplers. In contrast to other studies, fragments were significantly dominating compared to fibers. The spatial distribution comparing the urban sites concentrations followed in the order from high to low: "north" (Henstedt-Ulzburg, low population density, suburb) - "center" (University; large population density) - "south" (Wilhelmsburg, middle population density, port and industrial facilities) with highly varying concentrations within the time series. Surprisingly, the rural sites in the southern part of Hamburg showed highest concentrations (Douglas fir > open field > beech/oak). This finding is most likely a result of factors such as the comb out capacity of the different forest types and/or direct input pathways from the agricultural areas and the nearby highway.

Sign in to start a discussion.

More Papers Like This

Article Tier 2

Spatial distribution of atmospheric microplastics in bulk-deposition of urban and rural environments – A one-year follow-up study in northern Germany

Researchers conducted a year-long study of atmospheric microplastic deposition across urban and rural sites in northern Germany, finding spatial and temporal variation in microplastic fallout patterns that help quantify environmental input rates.

Article Tier 2

A preliminary comparison of microplastic type, size, and composition in atmospheric and foliage samples in an urban scenario

Researchers compared microplastic types, sizes, and polymer compositions in atmospheric dry and wet deposition at multiple sites, assessing contributions to ecosystem contamination. The results showed that atmospheric deposition is a significant pathway for microplastic redistribution, particularly to remote areas.

Article Tier 2

Microplastics in the air: Weather and polymer influences on deposition trends across a rural–urban gradient

A study along a rural-to-urban gradient in England found that microplastic deposition rates in the atmosphere ranged from 12 to 500 particles per square meter per day, with rural woodland sites recording the highest overall deposition and weather patterns playing a larger role than urbanization alone. The results challenge the assumption that cities always have the highest airborne microplastic loads.

Article Tier 2

A preliminary comparison of microplastic type, size, and composition in atmospheric and foliage samples in an urban scenario

Researchers compared microplastic types, sizes, and polymer compositions in atmospheric dry and wet deposition samples from different settings. The study found that atmospheric deposition is a meaningful pathway for microplastic dispersal, with variation in particle characteristics across sites.

Article Tier 2

Microplastics in Hamburg's city air

Researchers measured microplastic concentrations in the urban air of Hamburg, Germany, characterizing particle types and sizes from atmospheric samples to assess inhalation exposure in a major European city. Microplastics were detected throughout Hamburg's city air, reflecting multiple urban emission sources and confirming inhalation as a relevant exposure route for city residents.

Share this paper